Penetration Testing: A Quick Introduction

Penetration Testing, also known as Ethical Hacking, is the process of testing systems, networks, or applications to find security vulnerabilities before cybercriminals exploit them. It simulates real-world attacks in a controlled and authorized manner.

Why Penetration Testing is Important

• Identifies security weaknesses

• Prevents data breaches

• Protects sensitive information

• Ensures compliance with security standards

Types of Penetration Testing

• Network Testing — Tests servers, firewalls, ports

• Web App Testing — Finds SQLi, XSS, CSRF flaws

• Wireless Testing — Assesses Wi-Fi security

• Social Engineering — Tests human awareness

Basic Testing Process

1. Reconnaissance — Gather target information

2. Scanning — Identify vulnerabilities

3. Exploitation — Attempt attacks

4. Reporting — Document findings & fixes

Common Tools

• Nmap

• Burp Suite

• Metasploit

• OWASP ZAP

Conclusion

Penetration Testing helps organizations stay ahead of hackers by proactively discovering and fixing security gaps. It is a critical component of modern cybersecurity.